Institutions

Items

1792 Commission of Inquiry
The 1792 Commission of Inquiry was established to investigate conditions on the Isle of Man in the decades following the Revestment of 1765. The commissioners examined the state of the Island's governance, economy, and the grievances of the Manx people, producing a detailed report with appendices that provides one of the most important documentary records of the Island's post-Revestment circumstances.
Board of Ordnance
The Board of Ordnance was the British government body responsible for the supply and maintenance of military equipment, fortifications, and stores. Following the Revestment of 1765, it assumed responsibility for the upkeep of the Island's forts and garrisons, including Castle Rushen, Peel Castle, and the smaller forts at Douglas and Ramsey, which had previously been maintained at the Lord's expense.
Bridge House, Castletown
Bridge House is a complex of buildings at the harbour mouth in Castletown, developed by the Quayle family from the third quarter of the eighteenth century. The home of George Quayle (1757-1835), politician, banker, and inventor, it houses the boathouse and dock he constructed for the yacht Peggy, and was opened as the Nautical Museum in 1951. The Bridge House Papers, deposited in the Manx Museum, are a significant archival collection relating to the Island's governance and estate administration.
British Garrison (post-Revestment)
Following the Revestment of 1765, the defence of the Isle of Man passed to the British Crown, and drafts from English line regiments were stationed on the Island. The garrison was based primarily at the barracks in Castletown, with soldiers performing duties previously carried out by the Lord's own garrison forces.
Crown Customs Establishment (post-Revestment)
The Crown Customs Establishment was imposed on the Isle of Man following the Revestment of 1765, replacing the Manx customs system. Charles Lutwidge of Whitehaven was appointed to implement the anti-smuggling laws that accompanied the transfer of sovereignty, wielding almost unchecked influence over the Treasury in the years that followed; Governor Smith described his impunity as a "Curse to the Isle of Man".
Diocese of Sodor and Man
The Diocese of Sodor and Man is the Anglican diocese covering the Isle of Man, with its origins in the Norse period when it encompassed the Sudreys (Southern Isles, including the Hebrides) and Mann. The name "Sodor" derives from the Norse Sudreyjar; after the Hebrides passed to Scottish ecclesiastical jurisdiction, the Manx diocese retained the historic title. Its bishops have included notable figures such as Thomas Wilson (1698-1755).
East India Company
The East India Company was a British chartered company that dominated trade with Asia from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Several Manx people served the Company in various capacities, and its commercial influence intersected with the Island's extensive eighteenth-century trade networks, particularly during the period when the Isle of Man served as a centre for redistributing goods within the British Isles.
Furness Abbey
Furness Abbey was a Cistercian monastery in Lancashire, founded in 1123 as a Savignac house. It held ecclesiastical authority over the Isle of Man for several centuries, founding Rushen Abbey in Ballasalla c.1134 and exercising significant influence over the Island's religious and administrative life during the medieval period.
Governor of the Isle of Man
The Governor of the Isle of Man is the Crown's representative on the Island, a role that has existed since the period of Norse rule. Under the Lords of Mann, the Governor administered the Island on the Lord's behalf, serving as head of the garrison and presiding over Tynwald; after the Revestment of 1765, the office became a Crown appointment, with the Lieutenant-Governor exercising executive authority.
Great Inquest
The Great Inquest was a special judicial proceeding in Manx law, comprising a jury empanelled to investigate and determine matters of public concern, land disputes, or questions relating to the rights and customs of the Island. It played a central role in the Island's constitutional and legal framework, particularly in resolving disputes over land tenure and customary law.
HM Treasury
HM Treasury is the British government department responsible for public finance. It played a decisive role in the Revestment of 1765, driving the policy to acquire the sovereignty of the Isle of Man from the Duke of Atholl for the sum of 70,000 pounds in order to suppress the Island's smuggling trade and recover lost customs revenues.
HMS King Orry
HMS King Orry was a vessel named after Godred Crovan (King Orry), the Norse king who conquered the Isle of Man in 1079 and established the dynasty that ruled the Island for nearly two centuries. The name reflects the enduring significance of Norse heritage in Manx culture and identity.
House of Keys
The House of Keys is the directly elected lower chamber of Tynwald, the parliament of the Isle of Man. Consisting historically of twenty-four members, it served as the representative body of the Manx people, though until the House of Keys Election Act 1866, its members were self-elected rather than popularly chosen. It played a key role in defending Manx interests during the Revestment crisis, issuing its Resolution of March 1765 in protest at the loss of sovereignty.
Lordship of Mann
The Lordship of Mann is the feudal title held by the ruler of the Isle of Man, originating in the Norse Kingdom of Mann and the Isles. From 1405 it was held by the Stanley family (Earls of Derby) and then the Murray family (Dukes of Atholl), until the Revestment Act of 1765 transferred sovereignty to the British Crown. The title Lord of Mann is now held by the reigning monarch.
Manx Choral Society (Cleveland)
The Manx Choral Society in Cleveland, Ohio, was a musical organisation serving the Manx diaspora community in the city. Cleveland's estimated 25,000 to 30,000 people of Manx origin sustained a vibrant cultural life, with the Choral Society reflecting the strong traditions of communal music-making brought from the Island.
Manx Customs Establishment (pre-Revestment)
The Manx Customs Establishment was the Island's own customs service under the Lords of Mann, responsible for collecting duties on goods imported into and exported from the Island. Its revenues formed a significant part of the Lord's income and grew substantially during the eighteenth-century smuggling trade, when the Island served as a major centre for the redistribution of dutiable goods to Britain and Ireland.
Manx Fencibles
The Royal Manx Fencibles were a body of Manx troops forming part of the British regular army, raised during the wars with France between 1779 and 1810. Initially consisting of three companies for Island defence only, the force was expanded to a full regiment of ten companies in 1795, serving in Ireland during the 1798 Rebellion and at Omagh and Whitehaven before being disbanded at the Peace of Amiens in 1802 and re-embodied in 1803.
Mona's Mutual Benefit Society
The Mona's Mutual Benefit Society was a fraternal organisation established by the Manx diaspora community in Cleveland, Ohio. It provided mutual aid and social support to Manx emigrants and their descendants in the city's substantial Manx-American population.
Mona's Relief Society
The Mona's Relief Society was founded in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1851 by five Manx emigrants - James Christian, John Corlett, William K. Corlett, William Cubbon, and William Brew - to assist and care for poor immigrants from the Isle of Man arriving with empty pockets or in poor health. It is honoured as a pioneer among the many benevolent societies that later came into being to support various immigrant communities in America.
Mona's Relief Society Ladies' Auxiliary
The Mona's Relief Society Ladies' Auxiliary was the women's branch of the Mona's Relief Society in Cleveland, Ohio. It supported the parent organisation's charitable work on behalf of Manx emigrants and their families in the Cleveland area.
North American Manx Association
The North American Manx Association (NAMA) was founded in 1928 in Cleveland, Ohio, to unite people of Manx origin across the United States and Canada. It held annual conventions, published a quarterly bulletin, and by 1950 had achieved a membership of approximately one thousand, with the Manx flag displayed alongside the Stars and Stripes and the Canadian flag at its meetings.
The Consolidated Fund
The Consolidated Fund is the general fund of the British government into which tax revenues are paid and from which public expenditure is drawn. Following the Revestment of 1765, customs revenues collected on the Isle of Man were paid into the Consolidated Fund, with the proceeds used to offset the seventy thousand pounds paid to the Duke of Atholl and to finance the Island's administration under Crown control.
The Deemsters
The Deemsters are the judges of the Isle of Man, an office of great antiquity in Manx law. Traditionally there were two - the Deemster of the Northside and the Deemster of the Southside - who administered justice according to Manx common law and custom, and who served as members of the Legislative Council. Their role in "deeming" (declaring) the law gave the office its distinctive name.
The Isle of Man Times
The Isle of Man Times was a newspaper published in Douglas by Brown and Sons, Limited, from their premises in Athol Street. It was associated with James Brown, and served as an important forum for Manx public discourse, publishing historical and political articles including Thomas Grindley's influential study of the Revestment.
The Manx Garrison (pre-Revestment)
The Manx Garrison comprised the paid soldiers who garrisoned the Island's forts under the Lords of Mann, primarily Castle Rushen and Peel Castle, with smaller detachments at Douglas, Ramsey, and Derby Fort on Langness. The garrison soldiers also performed civil duties and acted as turnkeys, with their arms and provisions supplied at the Lord's expense; after the Revestment of 1765, these functions passed to British troops and civilian constables.