An economic history paper by Dan Bogart (UC Irvine) analysing the East India Company's monopoly through the lens of institutional transitions from limited to open access orders. Covers the Company's charter (1600), intermittent threats from interlopers and forced loans under the Stuarts, consolidation under the Restoration, and final loss of monopoly in 1813. Directly relevant to understanding the political-economic context of the 1765 Isle of Man Revestment and comparative institutional development.