Bolton is a town in Lancashire, England where James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby, was executed on 15 October 1651. The 1644 storming of Bolton by Rupert's forces killed an estimated 1,600 people and Derby led the infantry assault. Bolton was chosen specifically as the place of execution because of that massacre. The people of Bolton refused to strike a nail into the scaffold. The scaffold itself was built partly from timber brought from the ruins of the Earl's own house, Lathom House, which had been destroyed in the fighting in the civil wars.